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The Babri Masjid (translation: ''Mosque of Babur''), was a mosque in Ayodhya, a city in the Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India, on Ramkot Hill ("Rama's fort"). It was destroyed in 1992 when a political rally by militant Hindu nationalist groups〔 (1992: Mob rips apart mosque in Ayodhya ), BBC News, retrieved 2015-11-05. 〕〔 (Hindu Militants Destroy Mosque, Setting Off a New Crisis in India ), The New York Times, 7 December 1992. 〕〔 (Ayodhya: Guardian coverage of the Babri mosque attack ), The Guardian, 28 september 2010. 〕 developed into a riot involving 150,000 people,〔(Babri mosque demolition case hearing today ). Yahoo News – 18 September 2007〕 despite a commitment to the Indian Supreme Court by the rally organisers that the mosque would not be harmed.〔(Tearing down the Babri Masjid – Eye Witness BBC's Mark Tully ) BBC – Thursday, 5 December 2002, 19:05 GMT〕〔(Babri Masjid demolition was planned 10 months in advance – PTI )〕 More than 2,000 people were killed in ensuing riots in many major cities in India including Mumbai and Delhi.〔(The Ayodhya dispute ). BBC News. 15 November 2004.〕 The mosque was constructed in 1527 on the orders of Babur, the first Mughal emperor of India, and was named after him. Before the 1940s, the mosque was also called Masjid-i-Janmasthan, translation: ("mosque of the birthplace").〔Sayyid Shahabuddin Abdur Rahman, Babri Masjid, 3rd print, Azamgarh: Darul Musannifin Shibli Academy, 1987, pp. 29–30〕 The Babri Mosque was one of the largest mosques in Uttar Pradesh, a state in India with some 31 million Muslims. Numerous petitions by Hindus to the courts resulted in Hindu worshippers of Rama gaining access to the site. The political, historical and socio-religious debate over the history and location of the Babri Mosque and whether a previous temple was demolished or modified to create it, is known as the Ayodhya Debate. == Architecture of the mosque == The rulers of the Sultanate of Delhi and its successors, the Mughal Empire, were great patrons of art and architecture and constructed many fine tombs, mosques and madrasas. These have a distinctive style which bears influences of 'later Tughlaq' architecture. Mosques all over India were built in different styles; the most elegant styles developed in areas where indigenous art traditions were strong and local artisans were highly skilled. Thus regional or provincial styles of mosques grew out of local temple or domestic styles, which were conditioned in their turn by climate, terrain, materials, hence the enormous difference between the mosques of Bengal, Kashmir and Gujarat. The Babri Mosque followed the architectural school of Jaunpur. The architecture of the mosque is completely a replica of the mosques in the Delhi Sultanate. Babri was an important mosque of a distinct style, preserved mainly in architecture, developed after the Delhi Sultanate was established Babari Mosque in the Southern suburb of the walled city of Gaur, and the Jamali Kamili Mosque built by Sher Shah Suri. This was the forerunner of the Indo Islamic style adopted by Akbar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Babri Masjid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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